Multinational Enterprises and Its role in International Business

Question: Examine about theMultinational Enterprises and Its job in International Business. Answer: Presentation Examine the hypotheses and points of view of outside direct speculation Outside Direct Investment has expanded altogether and affected the world's economy. This has assumed a generous job to start the development of an economy. The Different Kinds of Foreign Investment FDI follows four standards. They are business outside direct speculation, universal portfolio, business credits that are essentially the bank advance doled out to remote organizations. Official streams allude to the advancement help that the created nations give to the creating nations. There are three kinds of FDI, for example, level FDI which happens when MNEs enters in the remote nations to create a similar item as it produces at parent nation. Aggregate FDI alludes to a circumstance when the FDI in the remote nation gives an item which isn't made by the parent organization. The vertical FDI happens when the MNE works in an outside nation to deliver an item or moderate merchandise, which are utilized as contributions to parent nation (Suhag and Rani 2013). Key Goals of Multinational Enterprises Undertaking FDI The reason behind the worldwide organizations leading FDI are as per the following appropriate usage of common assets, looking for the market for FDI that follows the extension or fares in an altogether new market. The costs identified with transportation and other Government guidelines are key factors behind scanning for the new market. Somewhat it might add to firms customers in remote auxiliaries, the necessity to adjust the items according to neighborhood advertise request and inclination and to diminish the exchange costs. Productivity looking for alludes to moving the creation to an area where the expense of creation is low which occurs in an industry which is portrayed by untalented and semi-talented work that decreases the creation cost significantly. The other kind of proficiency was looking for at expanding the upper hand and picking up economies of scale. In this manner finding the correct market or investigating the approaches to decrease cost is the components or the pre-conditions which invigorate FDI. At last, the procedure that the MNE's are taking that its expanding propensity for outside speculation and the organizations are searching for FDI to get to the unmistakable and elusive and get advantage in since quite a while ago run. In this way, it underscores and assists with building the possession advantage that will bolster companys development system in the long haul in the nation of origin just as in outside nations. So the FDI reinforcing the organizations position as well as builds its upper hand (Bose 2012). FDI Distribution and Patterns An ongoing examination has uncovered that U.S portfolio venture obligation is bigger than the arrangement of speculation resources . While Germany which is having a similar measure of portfolio venture resources. This mirrors the way that U.S resources is more alluring to the outside financial specialists than the speculators of U.S. It further broke down that the creating countries FDI comprises the most elevated rate. An ongoing report has uncovered that in creating nations 51% of asset stream brought about by FDI contrasted with bank credit streams and portfolio streams. Favorable circumstances of MNEs Area Advantages Increased the Efficiency of FDI It alludes to the advantages and the serious edge that the FDI is getting from its host nation activity. Improved the presentation from auxiliary contrasts Basic contrasts with respect to income, development potential, rivalry between parent nation and the host nation. It has Increased Return From Ownership Advantage The property advantage got from resources, assets expands the upper hand, and FDI causes them to use its center competency. Aside from that it guarantees development and adds to creating ability and various capacities which giving learning openings (Narula 2016). Weaknesses The neighborhood work advertise is immeasurably influenced which makes a disequilibrium in the work showcase that may prompt joblessness and decreases the extension for nearby business people. Basic Capabilities The aptitudes alluded to building capacities by sending the assets. Ability organization incorporates amount based and quality-based sending. The amount based execution identifies with the assets that are used in an outside market, though the quality based sending draws in the uncommon assets of an objective market. While moving the assets, the MNE needs to carry the capacities to the universal activity to improve upper hand (Salim et al.2015). Reference List Almond, P., Ferner, A. furthermore, Tregaskis, O., 2015. The changing setting of territorial administration of FDI in England.European Urban and Regional Studies,22(1), pp.61-76. Bose, T.K., 2012. Points of interest and Disadvantages of FDI in China and India.International Business Research,5(5), p.164. Krautheim, S., 2013. Export⠐supporting FDI.Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'conomique,46(4), pp.1571-1605. Narula, R., 2016. The Modern MNE as an Efficient Meta-integrator: Emerging Market MNEs Need to Foster Internal Embeddedness to Succeed. Salim, A., Razavi, M.R. what's more, Afshari-Mofrad, M., 2015. Remote direct venture and innovation overflow in Iran: The job of mechanical Capabilities of subsidiaries.Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Suhag, V.I.N.E.Y. what's more, Rani, K.A.V.I.T.A., 2013. FDI and Higher Education in India.International Journal of Social Science Interdisciplinary Research, IJSSIR,2(8).

Risk Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hazard Assessment - Essay Example Chapter by chapter list I. Presentation II. Body Table 1.0 III. End IV. References Introduction: It is without question that the dangers confronting youngsters on the World Wide Web are far reaching. The dangers related with talk rooms and outsiders on the web have been the reason for some law implementation examinations and new conventions and limitations towards what minors can and can't do on the web. Moreover, even optional schools have been organizing arrangements which forbid instructors from â€Å"friending† their own understudies on person to person communication destinations because of the apparent hazard and risk that this involves. In any case, in spite of the fact that the dangers to kids on the web and all the more explicitly in interpersonal interaction are huge, developing, and changed, scarcely any investigations have endeavored to introduce what dangers are the most farsighted and to what degree. This kind of examination is helpful in deciding appropriate appr oaches and systems so as to relieve these dangers. All things considered, this short investigation will make a quick survey of the dangers related with long range interpersonal communication as it applies to kids and afterward develop a hazard evaluation of these dangers so as to all the more compactly portray the dangers that kids face in the informal communication circle. ... In like manner, the degrees of limitations that clients can decided to set in regards to what data is shared/appropriated with others is at the privilege of the client. Be that as it may, youngsters are probably not going to engage the full extent of how security can influence their lives. Moreover, the choice of what to share, what not to share, to what degree to share, and who to impart it to is likewise likely not a psychological capacity that youngsters will completely get a handle on the centrality of (White, 2012). Truly, security is an issue that influences all clients; notwithstanding, as for kids, the threat is explicitly high. For reasons for this investigation, security worries (as they identify with kids on long range interpersonal communication) have been marked a high generally speaking danger. This is because of the way that security infringement and over sharing are so sweeping just as the reality the seriousness related with that hazard surpasses the classification o f protection itself. As for protection, the danger to kids online can start and end with this class. In the event that it is paid attention to, the succeeding classes are excess; nonetheless, if not noticed by any means, this security classification is a portal to every one of the others. Notwithstanding the specific security system being referred to, the expanding pace of wholesale fraud, issues identifying with what to share and how to share it, and the way that protection includes the entirety of the threats that are surviving to kids online makes it the most farsighted issue related with the issue. At the point when one stops to consider it, the best possible measure of online security will prevent sexual stalkers from finding their casualties, will hamper digital harassing, and will serve to ensure the kid in most different circumstances. All things considered, protection is the foremost worry with connection to long range interpersonal communication. Similarly, a

Social Media And Its Impact On Branding

Social Media And Its Impact On Branding Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Social Media And Its Impact On BrandingUpdated On 09/01/2016Author : nimitTopic : Featured Social MediaShort URL : http://hbb.me/1SEO6HH CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogIn this ever-growing virtual world, it’s no wonder more people are turning to social media to promote their company’s brand. Social media websites have redefined the ways of branding by offering services to promote a company brand.What is Branding and Why is it so Important?Logos, symbols and taglines are just some aspects of a brand. Overall, a brand is your company’s vision. This helps potential clients see what you have to offer and why you stand out from the rest of the businesses similar to yours.Branding is important because it allows companies to stand out from the rest of their competition. Branding develops an identity for you and your company that eventually will become quickly recogni zable by your clients. The stronger the brand your company has, the more trust your clients will have.If you are able to establish a strong brand it means you will spend little to no time explaining to clients what you offer. Your brand will say it all!Branding Types: Professional vs. PersonalThere are two types of branding: professional and personal. The branding you choose depends on the type of business you have. A personal brand is suitable if the individual name is most recognizable. A professional brand is most suited for a company that can be represented by more than one person.People often have difficulties choosing the right brand to use. Both types of brands have their pros and cons. Choosing a personal brand means that your name represents your business. Any tarnish on your name may harm your company.A professional brand means more than one person is the face of your brand. This also has its downfall since that means there is no direct point of contact. If it is a large b usiness, that means each individual reflects the business.How to use Social Media to Launch Your BrandSocial media is becoming a popular way for budding companies to create and establish a brand. The leaders of the social media world: Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn provide a number of services for companies to use for free.READOutsourcing Your Social Media Efforts â€" 3 Reasons Why It’s A Bad IdeaFacebook allows you to create groups, pages and edit your own profile that you can use to connect to clients everywhere around the world. Twitter time reaction mimics real-time talk. Create a Twitter profile and start tweeting. If you want a more professional image, LinkedIn may be what you are looking for. The website allows companies to make profiles and connect with clients.  Take advantages of these websites to gain more exposure.I Have an Online Profile, What’s Next?Once you have created a profile, it is important that you quickly update it with the proper information and images th at are vital to your company. A key reminder; if you have more than one profile, make sure that the information on each profile is consistent with each other.First, update your profile picture. The best option for a personal brand is a picture of you. If you have a professional brand then you may want to choose the company logo. Once again, if you have multiple profiles, you want to make sure that you have the same profile picture for your name. This will avoid the possibility of your company looking inconsistent.When creating your profile page, update all the necessary information, and links to your company’s website. Lastly, you should also provide your company’s tagline. In one to two sentences, your tagline should be able to tell clients what your business is and how it relates to them.Make sure that the contact information is also consistent on each profile. You also want to make sure that your customers can contact you easily to get the answer of their questions, so also i nclude Skype  and other Instant Messaging (IM) accounts details for maximum communication.It may seem like a lot of work, but the benefits of using social media to promote your brand is most rewarding.

Preventing Genetic Disorders With Gene-therapy Essay

Ten years ago researchers from the U.S., Britain, France, Germany, Japan and China sat down and began developing the most important map ever made. Instead of roads and landmarks, this was a map of letters. It was â€Å"a rough map of the 3 billion letters of genetic instructions that make us who [we] are† (â€Å"First†). On Monday, 26 June 2000, the researchers announced that the map of the human genome was complete.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;On 26 June 2000 the news of the completion of the human genome was on all the major news wires, televisions and newspapers. What does it mean though? How will this help mankind? One area to which this knowledge can be applied is in the area of gene-therapy. Gene-therapy is†¦show more content†¦When a blood vessel is cut or ruptured, a dozen or more proteins will go to work causing the blood to clot. If any one of these proteins fails to do its part, the clotting process will be slow or non-existent. This can cause an individual with a small cut to bleed to death. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another more common genetic disorder is Sickle-Cell Anemia. This is a recessive disorder in which afflicted individuals have defective molecules of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein within red blood cells used for carrying oxygen. The mutation causes the hemoglobin molecules to stick together forming a sickle-shaped cell. These cells have trouble moving through the smallest blood vessels and tend to build up, blocking the vessel. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As stated earlier, most diseases are caused by recessive alleles. This means that both parents would have to carry the recessive allele in order for it to be passed on to their offspring. There are, however, a few genetic diseases that are caused by dominate alleles. One such disease is Huntington’s. Approximately 1 in 24,000 individuals develop this disease. This disease causes progressive deterioration of brain cells. Unlike recessive genetic disorders, all individuals carrying this allele will display the disorder. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;While researchers are still working on a cure for genetic disorders, there are a number of ways the physicians are able toShow MoreRelatedGene Therapy And Its Effects On The Body895 Words   |  4 PagesGene therapy is a relatively new practice in genetics that aims to correct mutations at a molecular level instead of using drugs or surgical approaches. Different approaches to gene therapy include gene augmentation therapy, gene inhibition therapy, the killing of specific cells, somatic gene therapy, and germ line gene therapy. Through gene augmentation therapy, faulty genes would be taken out of the genome sequence and replaced, effectively ending the effects that the mutated gene had on the bodyRead MoreGene Therapy Research Paper1326 Words   |  5 PagesGene Therapy Research Paper Gene therapy is described as the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders. 1 During the 1960’s and early 70’s the actual concept of what is now known to be gene therapy arose. Many new practices including the development of genetically marked cell lines and the delineation of cells transformation by the papaovaviruses polyoma were in the works. Cloned genes became a product of this new DNARead MoreGenetic Research Is Destroying Humanity1260 Words   |  6 PagesIs genetic research the breakthrough to improving our lives, or the beginning of the end of humanity as we know it? This has been the debate since the mid-nineteenth century when the science of genetics as well as humanities’ desire to use this science to their advantage, began. Since that time genetic research has resulted in advancements in science and medicine, but yet the controversy remains. Many believe that the act of g enetic research is improving lives’, while others think the exact oppositeRead MoreBiology Assignment : Gene Therapy1476 Words   |  6 PagesGene Therapy Biology Assignment FINAL COPY By Hunter Alker 9S For countless generations, genetic diseases have been ruining people’s lives with these abnormal conditions being able to severely mutilate, disable or kill them. Genetic illnesses are most commonly due to mutations in the DNA sequence that occurs during replication or due to environmental factors such as radiation. [10] Though an affected patient might not have to live with their illness for their whole life as the human genome has theRead MoreEssay on Human Gene Therapy1696 Words   |  7 PagesHuman gene therapy Gene therapy is a technique used in attempts to cure or prevent genetic diseases at the molecular level (basically at the source) by correcting what is wrong with defective genes, a good version of the defective gene is introduced into the existing cells. This technique is still considered experimental, only being done through clinical trials. This idea was first suggested during the 1950’s. The basic idea was â€Å"if the basses can be arranged incorrectly then why can’t they beRead MoreGene Therapy : An Experimental Stage1252 Words   |  6 Pagescliche seen throughout modern day society, new advancements of science might be proving otherwise. Gene therapy is a new technique that allows physicians to alter one’s genetic code, effectively treating and preventing disease. Though still in an experimental stage, gene therapy has been successful in treating a variety of diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The benefits of gene therapy are c lear to the scientific community, while the limits to place on the practice are ambiguousRead MoreGenetic Engineering : Genetically Modified Foods1312 Words   |  6 Pagescommonly to enhance their traits such as herbicide resistance and added nutritional content. The enhancement used to be done largely by selective breeding, which is very time-consuming and more often than not, it is not very accurate of effective. Genetic engineering is extremely controversial as people feel that it is not very safe as there could be unknown health risks involved and there have been a growing number of protests against GM foods across the globe. It is feared that genetically modifiedRead MoreHow Does Gene Therapy Work?913 Words   |  4 Pages Gene therapy is a technique that allows for the modification of genes to treat or prevent disease and may become a viable way for doctors to treat a disorder without the need of drugs or surgery. This technology is still experimental, being only about three decades old with the first successful human trial occurring in 1990 when Dr. William French Anderson treated Ashi DeSilva for Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA deficiency), which is a genetic, metabolic disorder which causes immunodeficiencyRead MoreThe Problem Of Genetic Testing1286 Words   |  6 PagesMethod Though genes often have more than one use, for example, a gene that controls intelligence could also control anger management, you could end up with a genius, but very angry child, the technology has the ability to potentially eliminate the age barrier, and allow humans to live much longer than they are able to do today. The lifespan of a body s cells could be lengthened, and regeneration of those cells stretched by several years, which raises many questions around ethics. One question isRead MoreUnderstanding Anorexia Nervosa1008 Words   |  5 Pagespsychiatric disorder, with more than 10% of those that suffer from it will die. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is categorized by severe food restriction, excessive exercise and body dysmorphia, which leads those that suffer from it to believe that they are overweight. Anorexia nervosa is commonly misunderstood by the general public. Research has disproved many of the previous thoughts about anorexia nervosa. According to the scientific research anorexia nervosa has a genetic factor, is

Feudalism and How It Affected Old England - 792 Words

Feudalism was a very important aspect in developing the political organization in medieval England. It was one of dominant governments used by the nobles. Feudalism was when one of the king’s noblemen would give land to a man known as a fief and give the fief people to work the land for him. These people are known as serfs. The fief would then protect the serfs from being attacked as long, as long as the serfs worked the land to provide an income for the fief. If the fief accepted the nobles offer he would have to swear his allegiance to the king. After he swore to the nobles the fief would become a vassal to the noblemen. When the fief became a vassal he would have to provide military services or any other type of service to the king. A fief could also become a noble lord and could give some of his land away to other people known as fiefs. This process would be known as subinfeudation and this could go all the way up to the king. Feudalism was pretty much the only go vernment at the time of medieval England. Feudalism came about because of the weak political groups and non-existent governments. The king would use feudalism as a way to show his power and make sure his military strength was strong. The use of this political organization slowly died out. â€Å"With an eye toward discovering the nature of the Marxists â€Å"transition from feudalism to capitalism† most of them concluded that marx was right; the old feudal aristocracy of the middle ages was gradually beingShow MoreRelatedLooking Back at the Middle Ages1485 Words   |  6 Pagestoday. One such event that has affected the politics of the Middle Ages and now was the signing of the Magna Carta. Secondly, was the Black Death (also known as the Bubonic Plague that affected the religious, social, and economic aspects. An event that affected the religious and economic aspects were the Crusades. There was also the rise of the Ottoman Empire which affected the social, political, a nd economic aspects.Finnally, there was the Hundred Years war that affected the political aspects. Read MoreTo What Extent Did Feudalism Affect the Societies in the Middle Ages?1518 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent did feudalism affect the societies in the Middle Ages? Plan of Investigation The investigation assesses the significance of the feudal system in the middle ages. In order to evaluate the feudal system’s significance, the investigation evaluates each role of the social classes in a Middle Ages society. This includes the kings, nobles and lords, knights, and peasants and serfs. Articles and secondary sources are mostly used to evaluate the feudal system’s significance. Two of theRead MoreThe Decline of Feudalism Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature June 2nd, 2010 The Decline of Feudalism Feudalism was based on a social structure of hierarchy. With William the Conqueror being the first king, he was named to the top of the hierarchy along with God. Everyone else was below them and had to follow their ways. This system ran systematically for years until things started to change. People were branching out from who the king made them to be. They were creating their own lives. The downfall to feudalism was caused by the Crusades, the merchantRead MoreThe Black Death : Introduction1565 Words   |  7 Pageslower class could have higher class jobs. During this time people didn’t know how to properly treat the plague. They thought that god was the cause of this and people would pray to be cured of the plague. When peoples prayers weren t answered they began to lose faith in the church which led to many other religions being strengthened. The last big change was medicine being revolutionized. People began to research how diseases were truly spread which eventuall y will lead to modern medical techniquesRead MoreIn the Wake of the Plague - Black Death Essay examples971 Words   |  4 PagesNorman F. Cantor, In the Wake of the Plague (New York: Harper Collins First Perennial edition, 2001) examines how the bubonic plague, or Black Death, affected Europe in the fourteenth century. Cantor recounts specific events in the time leading up to the plague, during the plague, and in the aftermath of the plague. He wrote the book to relate the experiences of victims and survivors and to illustrate the impact that the plague had on the government, families, religion, the social structure, andRead MoreFeudalism and Land Essay7806 Words   |  32 PagesDid the Advantages of Feudalism outweigh the disadvantages? In order to attempt to answer a question such as this we must briefly describe the Feudal system then look at the advantages of having feudalism as a system and also the disadvantages and then secondly look at the alternatives if there was no such system in place. Let us first look at the Feudal system itself. The Feudal system was introduced to England and spread throughout Britain by William the Conqueror after 1066 and the BattleRead MoreThe Political, Economic and Social Aspects of the Enlightenment1109 Words   |  5 PagesEnlightenment, also known as Age of Reason, was a cultural movement that spread through England, France, Germany, and other parts of Europe. The Enlightenment mainly focused on mathematics, science, art, philosophy, politics and literature in the 1700s. This movement took away the fear of the world and the medieval views that were placed upon the people for so many years, and it also opened their eyes to new ideas and reason. Old beliefs such as French monarchy (the privileges that were given to the FrenchRead MoreHobsbawms Theory on the General Crisis of the 17th Century2393 Words   |  10 Pagesand his theory that the 17th century crisis was the catalyst for the transition from feudal society to capitalism in Engla nd and ultimately the genesis of the industrial revolution. Hobsbawm argues that it was the crisis of the 17th century, particularly the Puritan Revolution, which enabled capitalism to escape the confines of feudalism and flourish as the dominant ‘ism in England. While it is true that the Industrial Revolution and the rise of capitalism did occur soon after the 17th century, itRead MoreThe Philosophical Point Of Humanism1733 Words   |  7 Pageswell as a cause of the growing secular view of life. Expansion of trade, growth of prosperity and luxury, and widening social contacts generated interest in worldly pleasures, in spite of formal allegiance to ascetic Christian doctrine. Men thus affected -- the humanists -- welcomed classical writers who revealed similar social values and secular attitudes. Historians are pretty much agreed on the general outlines of those mental attitudes and scholarly interests which are assembled under the rubricRead MoreWhy Did I Choose A Passage From Frankenstein?1504 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence in the society for its later staging of horror films. Mary Shelley was a British novelist and she was best known for her novel Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus; this science-fiction novel was published in 1818 and it was set in 1789 in England. This novel contains serious and deep ideological consequences, in spite of Shelley’s young age at the time she wrote it. This is because it contains suppressed aspects of social, religious and metaphysical crisis in West history since French Revolution

Anastasia Essay - 1247 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anastasia nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Anastasia, Grand Duchess of Russia, was a very mischievous little girl with a sharp sense of humor (McGuire 18). She was always described as having long fine fingers and baby blue eyes. As she grew older, her personality changed drastically because of her dramatic childhood. Her eyes and fingers remained the same but her wonderful personality had disappeared (Klier and Mingay 193). The daughter of Czar Nicholas II, Anastasia, may have survived the Russian Revolution, but what became of her, baffled historians. Czar Nicholas was the last emperor of Russia and ruled from 1894 until 1917. Throughout his life Nicholas lived within the shadows of his father (Lieven 1).†¦show more content†¦Russia was quickly declining so Nicholas decided to ask Sergey White to advance the Russian industry as quickly as possible. The economy grew rapidly and as a result, poor working conditions and low wages increased (Lieven 3). Nicholas had so much trouble with the Bolsheviks that he decided to Abdicate. All of the Romanovs became prisoners of a new government (King 298). To ensure their safety, the Imperial Family was forced to leave Russia and go to Ekaterinburg at once (Lieven 3). Here they were imprisoned in the Impatiev House. On July 16, 1918, all the members of the Imperial Family had been killed in the basement of the Impatiev House (King 376). Anastasia had been shot and beaten, but had enough might to suddenly sit up and scream until she had been silenced. The massacre had only taken 3 minutes and in that short time span the room was covered with blood (Klier and Mingay 52). The 11 bodies were then taken to the Four Brothers Mine by Yurovsky (Halliday 134). Later that night, they were burned and the remains were placed in a mineshaft (McGuire 39). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many stories were going around Russia at this time. No one knew for sure where the tsarina and her daughters were. Some people thought that she and her daughters had been taken to Perm by the Bolsheviks, but others thought that this wasShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream Myth : Anastasia And Anastasia1422 Words   |  6 Pageswith social class affects how one operates in life when it comes to making decisions and motives for committing actions. A childhood motion picture that depicts this idea is Anastasia. Anastasia is an American produced, fictional musical loosely based off of the Russian Empire Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova. Anastasia follows the orphaned Grand Duchess Anya, who suffers from retrograde amnesia, on her quest to find her family. She is joined by two swindlers who seek to con the Dowager EmpressRead MoreThe Story of Russian Princess Anastasia Romanov717 Words   |  3 Pages Almost everyone knows the story of Russian Princess Anastasia Romanov, but not everyone knows about her father, Tsar Nicholas II, and his role in his family’s banishment and death. The last Tsar of Russia was forced to abdicate his throne by the Russian people who wanted change, like how he is allegorized by Mr. Jones in George Orwell’s Animal Farm. Tsar Nicholas II is the eldest of the six children that Tsar Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna. The Tsar was born on May 18, 1868, in Pushkin, RussiaRead MoreAnastasias Pov : Anastasia Pov 1717 Words   |  7 PagesAnastasia s Pov: I am running. As fast as my feet will let me. He was very, very drunk. He always is. I race up the stairs and lock my bedroom door. I hide under my bed, he won t see me here. I am truly frightened. Stupid girl. He yells outside my door, his hands hitting the door hard. I am going to teach you not to fucking be late ever again. He hits the door again and then I hear him run down the stairs and it suddenly goes quiet. I am scared. I hope he will leave. I come out of underneathRead MoreIvan the Terrible Essay956 Words   |  4 PagesIvan to take a wife. He held what was little more than a beauty contest amongst the noble women. Ivan was charmed by the beautiful Anastasia Romanovna, and married her soon after. It was against all odds a love match; there would be 13 years of happy marriage, although only two children would survive to adulthood. During these happy years of marriage Anastasia acted as quieting force in Ivans life. It was in these years that Ivan would consolidate Russia, he ruled advisory counselor, andRead MoreEssay on Love the Right Chemistry by Anastasia Toufexis544 Words   |  3 PagesThe article love: the right chemistry by Anastasia Toufexis efforts to explain the concept of love from a scientific aspect in which an amateur will understand. Briefly this essay explains and describe in a scientific way how peoples stimulation of the body works when youre falling in love. The new scientific researches have given the answer through human physiology how genes behave when your feelings for example get swept away. The justification for this is explained by how the brain getsRead MoreWhat Is Money Laundering?1551 Words   |  7 Pagesliquor smuggling, and other rackets and came under the guidance of crime boss Giuseppe Masseria. Lansky and Siegel had also established a team of certified murderers for hire, the model for the later Murder, Inc., headed by Louis Buchalter and Albert Anastasia. Lansky became an established citizen in 1928. By 1936, Lansky had reputable gambling operations in Florida, New Orleans, and Cuba. These gaming operations were effective as they were initiated upon two originations which were the methodical proficiencyRead MoreMajor Risk Factors For Many Residents Living At St. Augustine1337 Words   |  6 PagesFloodplains can be recharged in areas of groundwater and reduce the frequency and duration of low flows of surface water (â€Å"Flood hazard†, n.d.). Some local natural floodplains in St. Augustine and St. Johns County are the Guana River State Park and Anastasia State Park. According to the demographic profile of St. Augustine, many of the residents live near those floodplain areas (â€Å"Flood hazard†, n.d.). Documents of previous floods show that St. Augustine is prone to flooding from normal rainfall coincidingRead MoreKitchen Witches : A Comedy Written By Caroline Smith And Directed By Anastasia Van Allen969 Words   |  4 PagesKitchen Witches Review Kitchen Witches, a comedy written by Caroline Smith and directed by Anastasia Van Allen, has quite a deceptive title, it is not set with a pair of Witches and their day to day lives†¦ Well that is close to truth. The play’s magic not focused on potions and charms, but is how easily the truth is hidden by a petty grudge between two women’s antics to reveal something so much more meaningful. The performance was set in present day Boise, Idaho at a community studio, with us, theRead MoreThe Romsnovs: The Final Chapter1183 Words   |  5 Pagesauthentication of bones belonging to the Romanovs. Another large section is dedicated to discrediting many impostors that arose in the time after their deaths such as solving the mystery of Anna Anderson, a woman who claimed to be the missing Grand Duchess Anastasia Nicholaevna. In the biography, Massie would recount all of this and how the death of the Romanovs would baffle countries across the globe into trying to uncover the secrets of their deaths and how it would forever change Russia’s view on governmentRead More Rasputin Essay931 Words   |  4 Pagesglance and predict the weather for farmers. This cast a religious glow of sanctity about him. These were all factors that led up to him presenting himself to the Imperial Palace in 1905. Besides gaining the friendship of Grand Duchess Militza and Anastasia, Rasputin also gained the trust of Anna Vyrubova, Empress Alexandras trusted companion. It was under the recommendation of the Grand Duchesses and Anna Vyrubova that Rasputin was summoned to appear before Alexandra. He showed up in crude country

Impact of Oil and Gas Industry on Environment

Question: Describe the impact of oil and gas industry on environment. Answer: Overview of Oil and gas in our life: Oil and gas are used widely in our day to day life. The modern lifestyles and modern economies are nothing without the oil fuels which are used in cars, trucks and planes. The plastics and other chemicals or the various lubricants like tars, waxes etc are produced by the byproducts of the oil refining. Many pesticides and various fertilizers are made either from the oil or the byproducts of the oil. On the other hand electricity is (Institute (2012))provided by gas and also gas is normally used for cooking, heating water and heating building and houses. Various industrial operations are fueled by the oil which includes aluminum, nickel smelters and other manufacturing industries. The fertilizers are produced by gas. Gas can also be used in the form of CNG of LNG. Oil and gas are the most important energy sources in the world. Currently 90million barrels of oil are required for various other purposes other than using it for transport or energy as a fuel. Currently the future of fuel i s not clear as the end of gas and oil production is not yet in sight. But the fact that the reservoirs will be depleted at some point of time is already known because oil is being consumed four times that is being discovered in the reservoirs. Hence we shall try to use the resources sensibly. This is the reason that the oil heating is replaced by the other sources of energy. Along with this oil remains a crucial raw material for the industry such as the chemical industry. As the gas and the oil industry is global due to various operations conducted in every corner of globe it cannot be said that oil industry does not harm the society in general. There are various ecological side effects of the exploitation of gas and oil reserves.(Raymond Leffler (2006)) Overview of oil and Gas exploration and production process: There are two parts of which the oil and gas industry is comprised of one is the upstream and the other is the downstream. (Richard. (2000))Upstream is mainly the production and the exploration sector of the industry whereas the downstream sector is the sector dealing with the processing and the refining of the crude oil and the gas products and distribution of the same. The various principle steps in the production of oil and gas are as follows: Exploration surveying: There were major sedimentary basins identified in the process of hydrocarbon bearing in the rock formation. A field geological method is used to know more detailed information. For measuring the variations a magnetic method is used which reflects the character of the rocks which are present. One of the most common methods of assessment is seismic survey it is used to identify the geological structures and the sound wave properties.(Mariano (2010)) Exploration Drilling: After identification of the promising geological structure the exploratory holes are dug in order to know the intensity and thickness of the reservoirs internal pressure. The wells that are dug to discover the hydrocarbons are known as the exploration wells. A pad is constructed on the site that is chosen for the land based operations. Appraisal: After the successes of exploratory drilling more wells need to be drilled so that the extent and the size of the field is determined. Appraisals wells or out step wells are the wells which are drilled to quantify the hydrocarbon reserves. The size and the nature of the reservoir is determined at the appraisal stage.(UNEP (2012)) Development and production: The production and development wells are the wells which are drilled after establishing the size of the field. During the appraisal wells one or more small reservoir may be developed. For drilling larger wells additions production wells are required. (Goal.Lumban Chaxzko (2014)) Factor impacting of the oil and gas exploration on Environment: Oil and gas industry is not free from hazards. This industry holds the major hazards for the environment and further impacts the oil, water and soil in different levels. One of the most hazardous consequences of oil and gas industry is pollution. Pollution is caused by almost all the activities which are carried on by this very industry. There are about 800 different chemicals which are generated during the process of drilling, transportation, refining and production of oil and gas. Some of the other environmental impacts included in the list of this industry are acid rain, contamination of the ground water, poor water quality and the intensification of the green house. There is the loss of biodiversity as well due to the oil and gas industry more over it contributes to the destruction of the ecosystem.(Looney (2012)) There is a proper documentation of the impacts of the oil and gas industry on the environment. Still it is very important to protect the environment from the impacts of these industries by taking important and suitable measures. The major polluters to the environment are the oil refiners as they consume large amount of energy and water and produces large waste waters and further releases hazardous gases. Though the oil industry affects the society in the negative way still it plays a positive role in the environment as well as by creating different job opportunities for the people and generating tax revenues and royalties for the government.(Devold (2013)) Impact of oil and gas Production on Environment The oil and gas industry impacts the environment to a great extent. Some of the effects of this industry are included below: Human and cultural Impacts: There may be changes in land use patterns, logging, hunting etc Changes may occur in the socio economic systems as there will be new employment opportunities , inflation, differences in per capita income(Kao (1998)) The socio cultural systems may change like there might be change in the organization structure, practices and beliefs. Changes might take place in the planning activities. Aquatic Impacts: The impacts of the oil and gas industry on the aquatic life include the following: The industry contaminates the water by discharging various effluents in to the water and hence renders the water unsuitable for drinking. The inorganic salts which are discharged in to the water without appropriate treatment also contaminate the water. These industries create thermal pollution by discharging the effluents whose temperature is higher than the water bodies in which these are being discharged. The oil spills which are discharged by the oil and gas industry contaminates the water. The ocean discharges affect the benthic organisms through the hydrocarbon levels which rises up to 800 meters.(Spooner (2012)) Ecosystem Impacts: During the production and refining processes carried out in these industries many particulate emissions are discharged by them which contaminate the environment. During the refining and production process the sulphur and nitrogen gases are emitted which are very harmful for the environment. These industries often release a hazardous material occasionally which contaminates the environment to a large extent. Various solid wastes are disposed of by these industries which contaminates the soil and the ground water. Potential Emergencies: The industries often use machines which are very noisy and hence they create noise pollution. There are various accidents caused by these industries like fire, oil spill This often causes war and sabotage There are chances of leaks and explosions on the plants. At times there are oil and gas well blow outs Measures which can take to minimize the impacts above are: The impact of the oil and gas industry is very harsh on the environment so it is required that proper measures are taken from time to time to overcome these issues. Some of the measures which can be taken are as follows: It shall be taken care that no waste waters are discharged in to the river, lakes till these water wastes are treated properly. In order to remove the contaminants from the water the water shall be well treated by evaporation, oil and grease separation, aeration, reverse osmosis etc which depends upon the type of contaminates to be removed from the water. Whenever there is liquid discharge in to the water bodies these discharge shall comply with the laws and standards which are adopted in different countries. There shall be proper drainage system where the materials that may seep due to rain can be stored in order to avoid contamination of rain water. The areas where the products and the raw materials are to be stored shall be water proofed and there shall be proper drainage system so that there shall be proper treatment of wash water and spills. The equipment like cyclones electorate precipitators, bag filters can be used to particulate the emissions. Water scrubbers can be used to control the acidic emissions like sulphur and nitrogen oxides. Water sprays can be used to control the dust emissions from patios and outdoor areas. Carbon absorption and wet scrubbers can be used to control the gas emissions. In order to prevent the occasional leaks of oil and gas preventive maintenance of equipment is required along with the proper storage tanks. Dikes and catch basins can be used to prevent hazardous material storage tanks. Before disposing the solid wastes finally which cannot be recycled properly shall be treated properly. Possible methods shall be used for the treatment depending on the nature of waste which includes controlled landfill disposal, chemical immobilization, burning in cement kilns or incineration. If the treatments of treating the waste are unavailable then the waste can be treated in other plants where the treatment facilities are available in which there shall be special care in case of transportation of the water. In case there arises a issue where the waste cannot be treated then the wastes shall be stored in the plant sites and facilities shall be made for the same. In order to reduce the impacts and the risks of the accident the system conditions of the roads shall be accessed properly during the feasibility study. The buildings which hold loud equipments shall be sound proofed so that there are less chances of noise pollution. Measures shall be taken to prepare emergency response plans in case there are any kind of emergencies these plans can be implemented. Environmental Protection Measures: Implementation at the site: There should be adequate personal and financial resources in order to ensure that the environmental protection measures are implemented properly. The objectives and the policies of the company shall be displayed on all the sites of the organization. Each site shall develop its own objectives and shall take care that those objectives are fulfilled. The site manager shall initiate different strategic objectives for different sites. (Water (2013))The implementation manager shall take care of his roles and responsibilities. There shall be sufficient representatives with sufficient knowledge at each site. There is a wide variety of documentation which is required to describe the functions and responsibilities of the management system.(Office of Legislative Drafting and Publishing (2011)) Monitoring at the site: Monitoring takes care that the plans are met and commitments are met. For this direct measurement of the information gathered is required. Monitoring means measuring the actual performance with the planned though surveillance, inspection and analysis. Proper follow up of the plans and in case there are non compliance of any planned actions corrective measures shall be taken in to consideration. There shall be proper audit and review procedures that shall be established by the company from time to time to check any kind of deficiencies. Proper care shall be taken that the procedures and instructions are followed at all levels. Relevant environmental protection measures shall be taken so that in case there are any chances of loss of environment that shall be known earlier only. Recommendations: It has been seen that oil and gas industry poses different threats on the environment but it has also proved to be profitable for the environment in many different ways so it is very important to take different measures to save the environment from the hazards of the oil and gas industry so that the production can be carried in such a way that is only profitable and not hazardous to the environment. Bibliography Devold, H (2013), Oil and Gas Production Handbook. Goal.Lumban Chaxzko, Z (2014), Advances in Intelligent Systems: - Page 26, illustrated edn, WIT Press, 2014. Institute, AP (2012), Energy API, viewed 15 March (2016), https://www.api.org/Oil-and-Natural-Gas-Overview. Kao, C-K (1998), Environmental Regulation of Oil and Gas - Page 306, Kluver Law International Limited. 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